Reconstruction of the Upper Slope Conditions of an Extraordinary Hydro-Meteorological Event Along the Jamapa Glacier Drainage System, Citlaltépetl (Pico de Orizaba) Volcano, Mexico

A singular precipitation event on the summit glacial slopes of Mexico’s highest volcanic peak, Citlatépetl (also known as Pico de Orizaba), associated with passage Hurricane Ernesto across southern Mexico mainland in August 2012, resulted a debris flow at altitudes above 4,400 m asl, culminating hyperconcentrated downstream that had major impacts to river valley’s channel morphology well communities along 25 km runout. The lahar originated terminal moraine and proglacial ramp Little Ice Age (LIA) extent Citlaltépetl’s Jamapa glacier. Precipitation amounts were estimated based nearby CONAGUA stations, but also TRMM satellite images leading an 106 mm for 3 day total, 85 (80% total) falling 9th, date when occurred. initial removed minimum 60,000 material from ramp. possible causative scenario is overpressured groundwater hydrology already unstable glacial-melt-saturated moraine. We demonstrate methodology recreation pre-event landscape environmental conditions onset lahar, utilizing products, in-situ geomorphological geological evidence, UAS technology.